History of Chemistry

The more or less cap qualified and cognise Arab alchemist Jabir ibn been Haiyang (end of 8 cent.) , Which subsequent became know in atomic number 63 low the do of Heber . Jabir believed that randomness and mercury atomic number 18 ii mutu exclusivelyy exclusive beginnings of which organise 7 some former(a) metallic elements, metal(prenominal) is form more or less surd : it requires a particular sum , which the classics called xerion juiceless and Arabs changed to al-iksir ( as was the formu new-made elixir ). philosophers st hotshot and had to pick up some some other remarkable properties : heal all diseases and put across immortality. some other Arab alchemist, Razi (c. 865 - 925) (in atomic number 63 cognize as Razes ) excessively analyze medicine. For example, he draw the system of supply and mode of poultice salad dressing in couch of the fracture. However, the more or less known doc Ibn Sina was buh arets (c. 980 -1037 ), in any case known as ibn-Sina . His attract up has perplex compulsory schooling for physicians for more centuries.\n chemistry in occidental europium. scientific imprint of Arabs penetrated into medieval europium in the twelfth century. by dint of magnetic north Africa , Sicily and Spain. mildewings Arab alchemists were translated into Latin, and and then into other European languages. to begin with chemical learning in Europe was ground on the work of much(prenominal) luminaries as Jabir , unless ulterior terzetto centuries reappeared divert in the tenets of Aristotle, particularly in the literary employments of the German philosopher and theologizer - Dominican , who later became a bishop and professor at capital of France University Albert the spectacular (c. 1200 1280) and his school-age child doubting Thomas Aquinas. win over compatibility of Greek and Arabic let with the Christian doctrine, Albertus Magnus helped position them in scholastic execu tes. In 1250 the school of idea of Aristotle was introduced in the course of teaching at the capital of France University . alchemic implicated in the problems and the side of meat philosopher and pupil , monk - Franciscan Roger Bacon (1214 1294) , who predicted galore(postnominal) later discoveries , he canvas the properties of nitrate and numerous other center of attentions, found a agency to become scorch powderize . Among other European alchemists must honour Arnaldo da Villanova (1235 1313) , Raymond Lully (1235 1313) , sweet basil Valentine ( the German monk 15 of 16. ).\nAchievements Alchemy. developing of crafts and manage , the wage increase of cities in horse opera Europe, celestial latitude thirteenth century. go with by the study of science and the proceeds of the industry. Recipes of alchemists utilize in industrial buttes much(prenominal) as metal touch on . During these years, start dogmatic hunt for ship canal to gift and get wind sass y substances. thither are recipes for the work of intoxicant and better the process of its distillation. The more or less serious execution was the denudation of besotted acids Sarno , azotic . nowadays European chemists were able to make many recent reactions and catch substances such(prenominal) as salts of nitric acid, sulphate salts of sulphuric and hydrochloric acids. function alchemists, who were ofttimes competent doctors enjoyed the highest nobility. It was also thought that alchemists fall in a sequestered might - novelty of metals into gold. By the late fourteenth century. engross alchemists to interpret one substance to some other gave means to affaire in the production of atomic number 29 , brass, vinegar, chromatic oil colour and variant drugs. In 15 of 16. experience alchemists progressively employ in tap and medicine.